Opinion
Defections, Coalitions, and the Erosion of Democratic Ideals in Nigeria
Published
1 year agoon
There is no gain saying that democracy is still the best form of government devised by man. With all its flaws and imperfections, a representative form of government where the people get to choose who rule over them and are at the liberty to decide whether a regime stays or not would always be the perfect choice for the sustenance of freedom, equity and social justice.
Nigeria’s democratic experience, however, is one conundrum that classical and modern theorists of democracy never envisaged. When Robert Dahl, in his work Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition, opined that a modern representative democracy should be characterised by inclusive participation and competition where free and fair elections, freedom of expression and associational autonomy are guaranteed giving rise to a system that allows broad participation and meaningful competition, I’m sure he wasn’t referring to what is presently playing out in the Nigerian political space. A fiasco that should only be referred to as a comedy of errors, Awada kęrikęri in local yoruba parlance. And i say this with all sense of seriousness.
To begin with, i ask this fundamental question. What is a political party, and what is it actually meant for? Since this is a monologue, I’m compelled to answer the question myself. Maurice Duverger, a French political scientist in his work “Political Parties: Their Organisation and Activities in Modern States”, defined a political party as a group of people that is organised to gain political power, and influence government policies based on a shared ideology or a set of principles. The key elements to underline in this definition are: a political party is organised to gain political power; and should be based on a shared ideology.
The above raises further questions, and I’m prompted to ask what particular ideology permeates Nigeria’s political parties of this dispensation? The AG/UPN, NPC/NPN, NCNC/NPP of the first and second Republic had clear ideologies that represented the political interests of Nigeria’s political actors during those periods and therefore, party hopping, in the name of defections was not a trend.
Between January and July 2025 alone, well over ten key politicians have defected from one political party to another, mostly PDP to the APC. From a PDP that once held the reigns of power and ruled this country for 16 years, which one politician even said would continue ruling for the next 60 years, to the APC that is currently in power, and I’m sure nursing the same longevity ambition of late Chief Vincent Ogbulafo.
It is said that politics is a game of interest, no permanent friends, and no permanent enemies. But I ask yet again, is this interest self-motivated or geared towards public good, as politics itself is meant to authoritatively allocate scarce values for the benefit of people. If this noble cause alone motivated the founding fathers of PDP to form the party and had driven their policies all these years, I’m sure the party would not have disintegrated so much so that the centre could no longer hold as it was in Chinua Achebe’s “Things Fall Apart”.
Accusations and counter accusations of treachery, betrayal, and violations of agreements in the wake of the PDP presidential primaries of 2022 further worsen the already brewing tensions in the party following their loss to the APC in 2015 and their inability to regain power in 2019. And this, of course, has orchestrated the massive movement of major actors out of the party, some to the APC where it seemed rosy at the moment, others to form COALITIONS.
The Labour Party has had its own fair share of internal leadership tussle as well, with the party broken down to different factions under different party Chairmen. It was, therefore, no surprise that the main iconic figure of the party and its presidential flag bearer in the 2023 general elections, Peter Obi, decided to join seemingly strange bedfellows in the Coalition A group that already included the former Vice President and PDP Big Wig, Atiku Abubakar, Rotimi Amaechi, Nasir El-Rufai, Rauf Aregbesola and a host of others.
What is particularly puzzling about this union is that just few months ago, some of these key figures were staunch critics and antagonists of one another, but today, mutual interest has brought them together, or should I say the shared desire to re capture power that they once had and lost at one time or the other.
Thus, the conduct of politics is once again reduced to state capture and its adjoining paraphernalia of power and not necessarily for the public good.
When the ADC was adopted as the platform for the coalition and the newly appointed interim national chairman, David Mark spoke at the unveiling, he said that the coalition move was aimed at rescuing the country from a drift to authoritarianism, abject poverty, persistent insecurity and creeping civilian dictatorship. These indeed were very honourable objectives if they had come from a more justified source, that is. But since these were the same people that actually put us in the mess we are today, but are now pretending like the mess just began yesterday, i beg to differ.
Under this same David Mark’s watch as Senate President, there were allegations of financial misappropriation at the Senate, one being the payment of #2 billion into the Senate account for distribution to the senators as largesse. A case that warranted his summon by the EFCC. In the area of insecurity, this same period (2007-2015)witnessed the most intense state of insecurity in the country where Boko Haram practically claimed and took over territories in some parts of Borno State. Not forgetting the Chibok girls’ abduction in April 2014. This was equally the period when the other coalition members were also in government except for Atiku Abubakar, whose reputation is well known, though he left government earlier on, but had made several unsuccessful efforts to return.
So, truth be told, I don’t see any change this coalition is capable of bringing. Instead, i see a group of people who were once in power, lost that power, and desperately wanted it back. What is the moral Justification for an El-Rufai who was very instrumental in this present government’s rise to power to claim, he now seeks change when we all know that that desire only arose from a personal vendetta resulting from his alienation from the current scheme of things. A business gone wrong. Or an Amaechi who was a key player in President Buhari’s administration under the APC and only fell out when he failed to secure the party’s presidential ticket and couldn’t mend fences with President Tinubu. Or Aregbesola, for that matter. Arguably, the most loyal henchman of Tinubu who had been down with him since day one before ‘Trailer pass their middle’. So, in my candid opinion, the ADC will do well to spare us the BS and concentrate more on how they intend to wrestle power from the APC. And from my candid opinion again, the only thing i can say to that is ‘Dey Play’.
A President Tinubu who defied all odds to rise to power under circumstances that should be specially researched. Riding on the emi lo kan mantra, he secured victory, whether contestable or not, against the resistance, opposition, and machinations of the powers that be, both within and outside of his party. And he achieved these without wielding any executive power.
This is the kind of person one coalition wants to unseat now that he possesses all executive powers of the presidency and its adjoining paraphernalia of office. Permit me to say once again, ‘Dey Play’.
Sincerely, i would be surprised if this coalition survives beyond this year talk less of 2027, more so, when there is still a serious contention as to who picks up their presidential ticket. Also, from all indications, their foundation is defective. And no structure built on a defective foundation can stand. It’s only a matter of time.
Be that as it may, I believe in this country and in the potential of it’s Democratic experience. An experience that has been sustained for twenty-six years uninterrupted. Yes, the dividends of democracy are yet to be enjoyed by the common man. Yes, we are still miles away from the developed Western democracies. Building the road to that proverbial El dorado of true democracy is not a function of government alone. Everyone has a part to play. It’s highly hypocritical, if not unrealistic, to behave irresponsibly and dishonestly in our own little sphere of influence or wherever position of power we find ourselves, yet expect government to behave otherwise. Building true democracies requires the collective effort of all elements in society. Yes, the government may take the lead, but it also involves the civil society, media, private sector, business owners, and the entire citizenry. Each and every one has a role to play in fostering transparency, accountability, and inclusive participation. Democratic institutions in this country will only thrive when there is mutual trust, respect for the rule of law, and active civic engagement. Finally, enduring democracy demands a united commitment to shared values that uphold human dignity, freedom, fundamental human rights, equality, and social justice.
Olusegun Hassan, Ph.D
Public Policy Analyst and Social Commentator writes from Ibadan.
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Opinion
Re: Adekambi vs Alli: Dr. Olanrewaju’s Descent To Soliloquizing | Sola Abegunde
Published
6 days agoon
October 1, 2026By
Mega Icon
I have read Dr. Sulaimon Olanrewaju’s piece titled ” Adekambi vs Alli: Between Substance And Sensationalism” and it offers me a lot of entertainment.
Dr. Sulaimon Olanrewaju is a seasoned Journalist no doubt. Very brilliant mind, but, he needs a lecture on politics and governance.
No matter how educated or professional you could be, if you lack basic knowledge about raw politics and governance at different tiers of Government, you are bound to struggle like a fish out of the water each time you attempt to defend certain positions.
Very obviously, Dr. Olanrewaju doesn’t know how a Local Government should operate on a normal situation, even, before the Judgment of the Supreme Court obtained by president Bola Ahmed Tinubu.
I will refer Dr. Olanrewaju to a document titled ” Financial Memorandum for Local Governments”.
That document speaks to how funds belonging to the Local Governments could be legally spent.
It will also provide accurate information about the roles and powers of the Local Government Chairmen, Head of Local Government Administration, the Finance and General Purposes Committee, F&GPC, how approvals for funds, projects and how contracts are signed at the Local Government level.
Had it been that Dr. Olanrewaju had proper information, I am sure that he wouldn’t have advertised his ignorance the way he did, in the argument about Financial autonomy for Local Governments which Senator Sarafadeen Abiodun Alli is promising.
He would also have known that his Principal, Governor Seyi Makinde had been engaged in criminal activities in the manner he had been withdrawing and spending resources belonging to the 33 Local Governments illegally since 2019.
Perhaps I need to repeat this for emphasis sake. There is no Law that empowers a state Governor to withdraw money belonging to the Local Governments for the execution of projects on behalf of the Local Governments.
The fact that the monthly allocations for the 33 Local Governments would have to drop on a joint account does not confer any authority on a state Governor to illegally withdraw and spend same.
It is the responsibility of the F&GPC for each of the Local Governments to identify projects it wants to execute, approve funds for same and if the funds are beyond the approving limits of the F&GPC, it will seek approval from the Governor through the office of the Commissioner for Local Governments.
If the project would be executed as a contract, it is the sole responsibility of the HLGA to sign the contract agreement.
That is what Senator Sarafadeen Abiodun Alli is saying. That he would not make illegal withdrawals from the Local Governments funds. That he will allow the F&GPC for the 33 Local Governments to function without hinderance. That he will allow the Career officers to do their duties assigned to them by Law.
If Governor Seyi Makinde doesn’t believe in the existence of the Local Governments and he is not hiding this fact and Sarafa Alli is saying, I believe in a functional and free Local Government, where is the sensationalism in that?
Truth hurts. Dr. Olanrewaju can not, through his essay, which I consider an afterthought, rewrite the fact that, his Principal publicly declared that he doesn’t believe in the existence of the Local Governments, not to talk of allowing them to function freely.
I am surprised that Dr. Olanrewaju is of the opinion that Senator Sarafadeen Abiodun Alli is not saying what he would do differently.
I know that the Special Adviser on Media to Governor Seyi Makinde is not deaf. Neither is he blind or dumb. He is only being hypocritical.
How else does the Allied People’s Movement, APM and its Gubernatorial candidate want the All Progressives Congress, APC Gubernatorial candidate to say what he is going to do differently?
On this issue of Financial autonomy for Local Governments, Sarafadeen Alli is saying, contrary to the illegalities of the past seven years plus, he will not concern himself with the responsibilities that are ordinarily that of the Local Governments.
On Education, he has declared that he will ensure that we go back to the 30 Pupils per classroom policy of the former Governor, Senator Rasidi Adewolu Ladoja, now, H. I . M, Oba Senator Rasidi Adewolu Ladoja.
He said he will revive the Broadcasting Corporations of Oyo state, BCOS which is gasping for breath under Governor Seyi Makinde.
He was emphatic about the fact that he would set up a Committee to review the crisis created at the Circular Road by Governor Seyi Makinde within 72 hours when he is elected as the Governor of Oyo state.
He said he would review the sales and handing over of our Farm Settlements to Estate Developers amongst other promises.
On these issues, what are the clear positions taken by Adekambi?
If Dr. Olanrewaju wants us to believe his cock and bull stories about the performance of the 33 Local Governments under Seyi Makinde, I challenge him to ask his Principal to publish the statement of income and expenditures for the 33 Local Governments in the past seven years plus.
He should give us a breakdown of the total figure of the monthly allocations received on behalf of the 33 Local Governments, the breakdown of salaries and allowances paid, the number of projects executed, identities of the contractors who handled projects, the contract agreements, total figure of the Internally Generated Revenues, IGR received by the Local Governments and the VAT.
In the absence of these vital information, which I am certain they will never dare to make public, I want to humbly suggest that Dr. Olanrewaju should go and update his knowledge about how certain things are done.
Opinion
Ladoja @82: When the ladder becomes too tall and Makinde’s sin of ingratitude | By Ayinla Joseph
Published
1 week agoon
September 28, 2026The Yoruba say, when a man forgets the ladder that took him to the top of the iroko tree, the fall that awaits him will be narrated as a proverb.
On Thursday, Ibadan stood still for its king. Oba Rashidi Adewolu Ladoja clocked 82. Not 82 years of mere age, but 82 years of bruises, battles, betrayals and benediction. A former Senator. A former Governor. An elder statesman who, like Oduduwa, returned as king. The following day, Friday, Oba Ladoja also clocked one year on the throne of his forefathers.
Ibadan celebrated him. Nigeria celebrated him. The Presidency sent greetings. Former governors knelt. Serving governors bowed. The Alaafin of Oyo paid tribute. The Soun of Ogbomoso poured libation of words. Even the Aseyin, far in Iseyin, bought a full page in a national daily to say: our father lives.
But in Agodi Government House, there was silence. Cold, deliberate, imperial silence.
Governor Seyi Makinde did not felicitate his king. No advert. No statement. No courtesy of any sort extended. Nothing. His protégé, Bimbo Adekanmbi, toed the same line of contempt. For 48 hours, Ibadan people waited for a word that never came, until shame forced a whisper.
We must ask: what manner of politics is this?
In 2019, it was this same Ladoja who held Makinde’s hand when Makinde had no hand to hold. It was Ladoja who coordinated the coalition, who gathered the angry, the broken and the hopeful, and stitched them into a garment called victory for a man who had never won anything before. Without Ladoja, there would have been no Omituntun in 2019. And the man knows it.
Philosophers call it the Paradox of Power. Machiavelli warned about it in “The Prince”: that power acquired through the mercy of others must be sustained by gratitude, otherwise it consumes itself. Plato called such rulers philosopher-kings who failed philosophy. Men who know how to win power but not how to carry it.
History is littered with them.
Emperor Nero of Rome who burnt the city that made him emperor. King Rehoboam in the Bible who told the elders who made him king: “My little finger shall be thicker than my father’s waist.” Emperor Commodus who thought Rome was his father’s farm and turned the palace into a circus until the circus swallowed him.
Seyi Makinde governs like them — as an emperor, not as an Omoluabi. A man who believes loyalty must flow upwards to him, but must never flow downwards from him. He rides on the shoulders of giants and then complains that the giants are too tall.
Today it is Ladoja he snubs. Yesterday it was the Alaafin. The day before, the Soun. Tomorrow, which Oba will taste his disdain? He has transferred his personal hatred for the Olubadan stool into a war against all royal stools in Oyo State. That is not politics. That is poison.
And what shall we say of Bimbo Adekanmbi, his political son, who has learnt this ignoble art of ingratitude so perfectly? The Yoruba say, “the child who says his mother will not sleep, he too will not sleep.” To watch a man seeking to be governor practise contempt for the throne he seeks to govern is a disaster foretold.
Oyo people know Omituntun 2.0 for what it is — a poisonous pill coated with sweet advertisement. If 2.0 can openly humiliate an 82-year-old first-class monarch who made him, what will Omituntun 3.0, headed by his anointed, do? It will be the unkindest cut of all. It will be the complete desecration of the Omoluabi ethos that Ibadan and Oyo hold sacred.
Seyi Makinde will be remembered. Not for the roads that crack before commissioning. Not for the parks that lead to nowhere. He will be remembered as the governor who rode on the backs of eminent men and made every one of them regret that they ever lent him their shoulders.
Ladoja at 82 needs no advert from Agodi to be great. The king’s greatness is not conferred by the governor. But the governor’s smallness is exposed by how he treats his king.
Oyo people, shine your eyes. This affliction must not rise a second time.
Opinion
Makinde Deserves No Sympathy: He Brought His Present Predicament Upon Himself
Published
2 weeks agoon
September 23, 2026In response to my brother, Shuaib Idris, who wrote the piece titled “Seyi Makinde Deserves Our Sympathy,” I submit that Seyi Makinde does not deserve our sympathy. How do you sympathise with somebody who brought political calamity upon himself?
There is a point in every political journey when a leader must pause, look around and ask himself a difficult question: How did I get here? For Governor Seyi Makinde, that moment has long arrived.
Much has been written and said about the governor’s increasingly combative public interventions, his exchanges with political opponents and his determination to market the candidacy of his preferred successor. Some have interpreted these developments as signs of pressure surrounding him. But sympathy, in this circumstance, may be misplaced.
If Governor Makinde is under pressure today, much of that pressure is self-inflicted. If his administration is now being subjected to increasingly intense scrutiny, he cannot reasonably blame those asking the questions. And if political opponents have become emboldened enough to challenge his record openly, he should perhaps examine the decisions and conduct that have created the circumstances in which those challenges are now flourishing.
The governor’s recent political conduct provides ample illustration.
At the 70th birthday celebration of Bishop Francis Wale Oke, the governor reportedly used his appearance to introduce Bimbo Adekanmbi, the APM governorship candidate whom he supports. Adekanmbi’s emergence as the APM candidate is not in dispute; the party adopted him as its consensus candidate in May.
Two things continue to haunt him: his subpar performance in office and what critics describe as his imposition of Adekanmbi and Open Salawu, new entrants into his team, on his “first eleven.”
The question, therefore, is not whether Governor Makinde has the right to support a candidate. He does. The question is why a governor who repeatedly speaks of his administration’s achievements appears increasingly eager to make the 2027 succession contest a personal project.
A governor nearing the end of his tenure should ordinarily be concerned about preserving the dignity of the office, defending his record with facts and allowing his preferred candidate to present his own credentials. Indeed, Adekanmbi himself has publicly said he would not be a political stooge and that he would take responsibility for his own decisions if elected. That is political rhetoric. However, everything about Adekanmbi, according to his critics, points to the possibility of his being a stooge waiting to be planted to do Makinde’s bidding after the latter leaves office in 2027.
Yet Governor Makinde has increasingly inserted himself into the political conversation surrounding his successor. That creates an unavoidable question: if Adekanmbi is sufficiently qualified and politically prepared to succeed him, why does the governor so frequently feel compelled to fight the successor’s battles himself?
This is where the argument about pressure becomes particularly relevant. Political pressure does not simply descend from heaven. It can be generated by the choices of the politician himself.
Consider the recent exchange with Senator Sharafadeen Alli over the legal profession. Governor Makinde reportedly questioned Alli’s experience as a lawyer, arguing that he had never entered a courtroom. Alli’s campaign organisation subsequently responded by detailing his legal background and professional experience.
There is nothing wrong with political candidates examining one another’s records. That is part of democratic competition. But reducing a lawyer’s professional identity to courtroom appearances is a curious line of attack, particularly when the political argument ought ultimately to be about competence, experience, policy and public record.
A lawyer can practise in several areas of the profession without making litigation the centre of his career. Administrative work, corporate practice, legal consultancy, governance and institutional management are among the possible avenues available to members of the profession.
The larger point, however, is this: when an incumbent administration turns the professional credentials of an opponent into a central campaign issue, it invites its own record to be placed under the microscope. So, why does he need to be sympathised with over what he brought upon himself?
The response from Alli’s camp has shifted attention towards questions about Makinde’s own record as an engineer and governor, particularly the controversy surrounding diesel-powered streetlights and the renovation of the Lekan Salami Stadium. Those are now matters of public political debate, with competing claims about expenditure and performance. How do you sympathise with someone who threw a stone and received a Scud missile?
This is the unavoidable consequence of political combat: once you open the door to scrutiny of another man’s credentials, you should expect yours to be examined with equal intensity. Governor Makinde cannot reasonably demand immunity from the same standard he applies to others.
The same principle applies to his much-advertised “first eleven.” If the governor describes his administration as being driven by a carefully assembled team of exceptional people, the public is entitled to ask what became of that team when the question of succession arose. Why was the search for a successor extended beyond this celebrated first eleven?
A football coach who constantly boasts about his first eleven naturally invites the question of who among that eleven can step forward when the captain leaves the field. If none is selected, his team’s fans will ask why. That is not persecution. It is accountability.
There is another issue the governor should confront: political loyalty. Governor Makinde did not arrive at the Government House in 2019 in isolation. His political journey involved alliances with people and groups who contributed to the coalition that eventually produced his victory. The political history of that period is well known and should not be rewritten simply because former allies and associates are now on different sides of the political divide.
The problem with “use and discard” politics is that yesterday’s ally eventually becomes tomorrow’s witness. People who helped build a political structure do not disappear simply because their usefulness has expired. And when they begin speaking, the politician who once relied on them may find himself answering questions he never anticipated.
That appears to be part of the political atmosphere surrounding Governor Makinde today. His confrontation with traditional institutions is another matter that requires careful reflection. Whatever one’s political affiliation, Yoruba traditional institutions occupy a distinctive place in the cultural architecture of Oyo State. Political disagreement with individual traditional rulers is legitimate; treating the institution itself with disdain is entirely wrong, and it raises questions about Makinde’s Omoluabi values.
A governor may disagree with a monarch’s political preference. He may even believe traditional rulers should remain politically neutral. But the language employed in expressing that disagreement matters.
The office of governor carries enormous constitutional authority, but it also carries a moral obligation to exercise restraint. A governor should not need to be reminded that words spoken from Government House do not remain personal words. They acquire the weight of the office. That is why some of Governor Makinde’s recent public exchanges have generated such controversy.
The irony is that political power is temporary, while institutions and relationships often outlive individual office holders. The governor should know this better than most.
He is approaching the end of his constitutionally permitted tenure in Oyo State. The political question before him is therefore not how to remain governor indefinitely, but what legacy he will leave behind. Will he be remembered primarily for the projects executed under his administration? For the policies introduced? For the institutions strengthened? Or increasingly for the political battles fought during the final phase of his tenure? The last question is what will occupy people’s minds most after Makinde has left office.
The most consequential political mistake an incumbent can make is to interpret every criticism as persecution and every opponent as an enemy. Criticism is not necessarily hatred. Opposition is not necessarily sabotage. Questions about public expenditure are not necessarily attacks on a person. And scrutiny of an administration is not evidence of an organised conspiracy.
A mature government answers questions. A confident administration publishes records. A secure political movement allows its candidate to speak. And a governor who believes his record speaks for itself should have little reason to spend every available political moment speaking for his preferred successor.
That is why sympathy for Governor Makinde is evidently misplaced. The political pressure surrounding him today is not simply something that happened to him. It is also the product of political decisions, alliances, rhetoric and strategies that he and his political associates have consciously pursued.
He chose his successor. He chose his political platform. He chose to engage his opponents. He chose to make their records a subject of public debate. He chose to defend his administration through increasingly political exchanges. Those choices have consequences.
The electorate is now watching. And when the people begin to ask questions, the appropriate response from a governor is not to complain about pressure. It is to provide answers. Oyo people do not owe any politician sympathy for the consequences of his political choices. They owe themselves something far more important: a careful examination of every candidate, every record, every promise and every claim before making their decision in 2027.
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