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Human Rights Abuse and Violations in Africa: The Nigeria’s Case

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Human rights are inalienable, inseparable, and natural rights; freedoms and benefits enjoyed by humans. According to the United Nations, human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Many documents and laws were enacted in recognition and defence of human rights, among which are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948; the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966; the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights, 1981; and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989.

At the national level, the Chapter IV (Section 33 to 44) of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria discusses the following fundamental rights: rights to life; right to dignity of human persons; right to personal liberty; right to fair hearing; right to private and family life; right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; right to freedom of expression and the press; right to peaceful assembly and association; right to freedom of movement; right to freedom from discrimination; right to acquire and own immovable property; and compulsory acquisition of property.

Unfortunately, despite all laws and documents, human rights are still abused and violated. Well, we must not forget that there are limitations to certain human rights. Among them are: death sentence (limitation to right to life); convictions, curfew, and restrictions on movement (limitations to right to freedom of movement); laws against slander, libel, and sedition (limitations to right to freedom of expression); proscription on certain groups and secret societies (limitation to right to peaceful assembly and association); and banning of possession of some weapons, arms, ammunition (limitation to right to acquire and own property); among others.

Moving further, the most serious human rights violations in Nigeria currently are done by terrorists, bandits, militants, and killer herdsmen. Their heinous acts result in killings, bombings, forced evictions, mass displacements, and destructions of private and public properties. In an attempt to halt these acts, actions of security forces also result in other sets of human rights violations such as arbitrary arrests, accidental discharges, unjust detentions, killings, and torture.

Police brutality, unlawful bans, use of excessive force, and harassment of activists, peaceful protesters, and political opponents are common instances of human rights abuses. These abuses have denied citizens their civil and political rights. Journalists, investigators and media professionals were not spared too. A recent occurrence was in August 2020 when a former Aviation Minister; Femi Fani-Kayode verbally assaulted a journalist in Calabar, Cross River State. This is a serious abuse of the right to freedom of expression and the journalistic ethics.

Another serious instance of human rights violation is the attack on school children. Education in Nigeria, particularly the Northern Nigeria, is under attack. Between December 2020 and February 2021, more than three cases of abductions of school children were recorded. On 11th December, 2020, 344 schoolboys were kidnapped at Government Science Secondary School, Kankara, Katsina State. The second abduction took place on February 17, 2021 at Government Science College, Kagara, Niger State, 42 persons were kidnapped. The third abduction which happened on the 26th of February, 2021, was the abduction of 279 girls from Government Girls Science Secondary School, Jangebe, Zamfara State. Thank God, all the abductees have been freed and united with their families. It was reported that some students have not returned to school due to the attacks, and that may be an end of education of such children.

Child marriage (marriage before the age of 18) is another violation of human rights, but unfortunately, it is prevalent nowadays, most especially, in the Northern Nigeria. Child marriage denies girls their rights, and even drive them into experiences that they lack the capacity to withstand. Child marriage affects male children too. Another violation of child’s rights is child labour. Child labour and slavery exposes youngsters to hazardous acts that may affect them intellectually, physically, socially, morally, and mentally. It is even likely to interfere with their education and overall development. Other violations of child’s rights are child trafficking, child slavery, sexual abuse, excessive beating, child abandonment, street hawking, disregard for persons with disabilities, begging, and using of children for thuggery and hooliganism.

Banning the use of hijab by some educational institutions is a violation of the right of Muslim women to practise their religion. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 18), the 1999 Nigerian Constitution (Section 38), and other similar human rights instruments allow every person to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance, but in many cases, authorities infringe on this fundamental right. Similar to this is the compulsion of (a) religious discipline(s) or practice(s) on students that do not believe in such belief.

Discrimination of persons on the basis of ethnic, region, and religion is another means of violation of human rights. Many of the killer herdsmen, for example, are known to be Fulanis, so that has given some persons the courage to regard all Fulani herdsmen as killers, and that is wrong, a violation of their rights. Criminalism is not the signature of a particular ethnic or region, and an entire ethnic group shouldn’t be characterised with it. As regards religious discrimination, there are instances where persons are molested and humiliated because of their belief or religious practice.

Attacks on members of the Nigeria Police Force is another instance of human rights violations. During the October 2020 protests against brutality of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) unit of the Nigeria Police Force, some policemen were burnt alive, while some were even eaten after been burnt. We must not forget that those police officers are human beings like us, and that they deserve the respect and dignity we also deserve.

Unfortunately, many cases of human rights abuse and violations did not see justice due to lack or absence of independent and fearless judiciary, and influence of powerful individuals on judicial processes. The Government must hold everyone and even itself accountable and ensure that justice is served. Civil societies also have a role to play in preventing human rights violations. When human rights violations happened, either directly or indirectly, they should speak out and hold violators responsible. The international community too should adequately monitor governments and ensure the upholding, promotion, recognition, and advancement of human rights. Human rights violations are rampant nowadays, and should not be allowed to stay!

 

 

Abdullateef  Isa, writes from Ibadan; Southwest Nigeria.

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Opinion

Why Ibadan North youths are rooting for Repete

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Growing support has continued to trail a youthful politician and technology advocate, Hon. Khalil Mustapha Adegboyega, popularly known as Repete, as many youths in Ibadan North Federal Constituency expressed confidence in his leadership style and vision for development.

Across several communities within the constituency, residents, particularly students, artisans and young professionals, described Repete as one of the emerging political figures with strong grassroots appeal and a passion for youth empowerment.

Supporters said his growing popularity stems from his consistent advocacy for innovation, entrepreneurship and skills development aimed at addressing unemployment and creating opportunities for young people.

As an engineer and technology enthusiast, Repete is also said to possess a deep understanding of the evolving digital economy and the need to position youths for global competitiveness.

Many of his supporters noted that his approach to leadership focuses on practical solutions, mentorship and capacity-building initiatives capable of helping young people become self-reliant and economically productive.

Some community stakeholders who spoke on his rising profile said his humility, accessibility and relationship with the grassroots have continued to endear him to many residents within the constituency.

They added that Repete’s engagement with youths and community groups reflects his commitment to inclusive governance and people-oriented representation.

Observers within the constituency also maintained that the increasing support for the politician reflects a growing desire among residents for a new generation of leaders driven by innovation, competence and accountability.

According to them, many young people see Repete as a symbol of hope and progressive leadership capable of contributing meaningfully to the development of Ibadan North Federal Constituency.

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Repete or Regret: APC’s Moment of Truth in Ibadan North

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File photo of Hon. Khalil Mustapha Adegboyega (Repete)

The All Progressives Congress (APC) in Oyo State stands on the edge of a consequential decision—one that may define not only its fortunes in Ibadan North Federal Constituency but also its broader political relevance in the state.

As the countdown to the party primaries intensifies, the question before APC leaders is no longer routine. It is strategic. It is urgent. And it is decisive: will the party align with the clear preference of the people or risk repeating costly political miscalculations?

At the centre of this debate is Hon. Khalil Mustapha Adegboyega, widely known as Repete—a name that has, over time, evolved from a political identity into a grassroots phenomenon.

A Candidate Rooted in the People

In contemporary Nigerian politics, where voter awareness is rising and expectations are shifting, candidates are increasingly judged not by promises but by presence. On this scale, Adegboyega stands tall.

His political journey is marked by consistent engagement with constituents—far beyond the optics of election seasons. From youth empowerment initiatives that provide practical skills and startup support, to sustained interventions in healthcare access for the elderly and indigent, his footprint across Ibadan North reflects a model of leadership anchored on service.

Unlike the transactional approach that often defines political relationships, Adegboyega’s connection with the people appears organic—built on trust, accessibility, and continuity. These are not mere campaign attributes; they are political assets.

The Danger of Political Disconnect

History offers the APC a clear lesson: parties that ignore grassroots sentiment often pay a heavy electoral price. The imposition of candidates perceived as distant or untested has, in several instances, resulted in voter apathy, internal dissent, and eventual defeat at the polls.

Ibadan North presents no exception.

With opposition parties closely monitoring the APC’s internal dynamics, any misstep in candidate selection could provide a ready opening. A divided house, coupled with a candidate lacking widespread acceptance, is a formula the opposition is well-positioned to exploit.
The implication is straightforward: this is not merely about party loyalty; it is about electoral viability.

Echoes from the Grassroots

Across the length and breadth of Ibadan North—markets, motor parks, religious centres, and community gatherings—a consistent pattern emerges in political conversations. The name “Repete” resonates with familiarity and acceptance.

Such organic support is not easily manufactured. It is cultivated over time through visible impact and sustained presence. For a party seeking electoral certainty in a competitive environment, this level of grassroots validation is not just desirable—it is critical.

A Test of Leadership and Judgment

For the APC leadership in Oyo State, the moment calls for clarity of purpose. Decisions driven by narrow interests, personal alignments, or short-term calculations may carry long-term consequences.

The task, therefore, is to balance internal considerations with external realities. Elections are ultimately decided by voters, not by party caucuses. A candidate who commands public confidence offers the strongest pathway to victory.

The Stakes Are Clear

Ibadan North is too strategic a constituency for experimentation. The cost of error is not limited to a single seat; it extends to party cohesion, credibility, and future positioning within the state’s political landscape.

In this context, the argument for Adegboyega is less about sentiment and more about strategy. His visibility, acceptability, and record of engagement place him in a strong position to consolidate support and mobilise voters effectively.

Conclusion: A Choice with Consequences

As the APC moves closer to its primaries, the decision before it is both simple and significant: align with a candidate who reflects the mood of the electorate or risk conceding advantage to a watchful opposition.

In politics, moments such as this often separate foresight from hindsight.
For APC in Ibadan North, this may well be one of those defining moments.

 

Aderibigbe Akanbi, a political analyst, writes from Ibadan.

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Ibarapa East: Yusuf Ramon’s Quest for Responsive Representation

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Hon. Yusuf Abiodun Ramon

As the road to 2027 gradually unfolds across Oyo State, political conversations are shifting from routine permutations to deeper questions about competence, generational leadership, and measurable impact. In Ibarapa East, that conversation has found a new voice in Yusuf Abiodun Ramon — a Lanlate-born technocrat whose entry into the race for the State House of Assembly is redefining what representation could mean for the constituency.

In a political environment often dominated by familiar faces and conventional calculations, Ramon presents a profile shaped by technical discipline, structured thinking, and solution-driven engagement. His professional background, anchored in analytical precision and systems management, forms the foundation of his public service aspiration.

For him, representation must move beyond ceremonial presence to practical responsiveness — laws that reflect local realities, oversight that protects public resources, and advocacy that translates into visible development.

Ramon argues that the future of Ibarapa East lies in leadership that listens deliberately, plans strategically, and delivers measurably. He speaks of strengthening rural infrastructure, expanding youth-driven economic opportunities, and institutionalising transparency as core pillars of his agenda. In his view, governance must not merely be symbolic; it must be structured, accountable, and people-centred.

Rooted in Ile Odede, Isale Alubata Compound, Ward Seven of Ibarapa East Local Government, and maternally linked to Ile Sobaloju, Isale Ajidun Compound, Eruwa, Ramon’s story is not one of distant ambition but of lived experience. He is, in every sense, a son of the soil — shaped by the same roads, schools, and economic realities that define daily life in Ibarapa East.

“I was born here. I grew up here. I understand our struggles, our strengths, and our untapped potential,” he says. “Representation must go beyond occupying a seat; it must translate into preparation, competence, and genuine commitment to development.”

His academic journey mirrors that philosophy of steady growth. He began at Islamic Primary School, Lanlate (1995–2001), proceeded to Baptist Grammar School, Orita Eruwa (2001–2007), and later earned a National Diploma in Mechanical Engineering Technology from Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, between 2009 and 2011. Refusing to plateau, he advanced his intellectual horizon and is now completing a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration at the University of Lagos. “Education,” he reflects, “is continuous capacity building. Leadership today requires both technical knowledge and administrative insight.”

That blend of engineering precision and managerial training has defined a professional career spanning more than a decade. Shortly after his diploma, Yusuf joined Mikano International Limited as a generator installer, gaining hands-on experience in industrial power systems — a sector central to Nigeria’s infrastructural backbone. He later transitioned into telecommunications at Safari Telecoms Nigeria Limited, where he received specialized training in Industrial, Scientific, and Medical radio bands, strengthening his expertise in network operations.

In 2013, he became a Field Support Engineer at Netrux Global Concepts Ltd., then a leading ISM service provider in Nigeria. Over four formative years, he immersed himself in telecom infrastructure deployment and maintenance, mastering field coordination, logistics management, and real-time technical problem-solving.

Since July 2017, he has served as a Field Support Engineer with Specific Tools and Techniques Ltd., a power solutions firm providing services to major operators including MTN Nigeria and Airtel Nigeria. In that capacity, he operates at the frontline of ensuring energy reliability and network uptime — responsibilities that demand discipline, accountability, and systems thinking.

For political observers in Ibarapa East, this trajectory matters. It reflects more than résumé credentials; it speaks to a mindset anchored in efficiency, coordination, and measurable outcomes — qualities increasingly demanded in legislative representation.

Beyond the private sector, Ramon’s political exposure is neither sudden nor superficial. A loyal member of the progressive political family in Lagos, he once served as a personal assistant to a former lawmaker, gaining practical insight into legislative procedure and constituency engagement. Within his community, he has quietly extended financial support to small-scale entrepreneurs and students — modest but consistent interventions rooted in personal responsibility.

“My interest is my people,” he states firmly. “Ibarapa East deserves strategic, responsive, and capable leadership at the State Assembly. We must move from rhetoric to results.”

Across the constituency — from Lanlate to Eruwa — development priorities remain clear: youth employment, vocational empowerment, rural road rehabilitation, stable power supply, agricultural value-chain expansion, improved educational standards, and stronger lawmaking that directly reflects community needs.

Political analysts argue that Ramon’s technocratic background positions him uniquely at the intersection of policy formulation and practical implementation. At a time when national discourse increasingly favours competence over grandstanding, his profile resonates with a broader generational shift toward performance-driven governance. His engineering discipline reinforces problem-solving; his business training strengthens administrative understanding; his grassroots roots anchor his empathy.

For Ibarapa East, the 2027 election cycle may represent more than a routine democratic exercise. It may mark a recalibration of expectations — a demand for representation that understands both the soil beneath its feet and the systems that drive modern development. As political alignments gradually crystallize in Oyo State, Yusuf Abiodun Ramon’s declaration signals the arrival of a candidate seeking to translate private-sector structure into public-sector impact.

One thing is clear: the conversation about the future of Ibarapa East has begun — and it is now framed around competence, credibility, and capacity.

 

Oluwasegun Idowu sent in this piece from Eruwa, Ibarapa East LG, Oyo State

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