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Iraq Undertakes Historic Census After 40-Year Gap
Iraq is holding its first nationwide census in nearly four decades this week, a long-awaited count in a nation that has been blighted by sectarian and ethnic divisions.
The census is scheduled for Wednesday and Thursday, and will provide sorely needed up-to-date demographic data for the country which has an estimated population of around 44 million.
It will be the first census to cover all 18 governorates since 1987, when dictator Saddam Hussein was in power, following repeated delays caused by years of war and political tensions between factions.
“More generally across the country, parliamentary representation will change,” said Hamzeh Hadad, a visiting fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR).
With one member of parliament allocated by the constitution per 100,000 Iraqis, “having an official census will mean the numbers will have to be adjusted” based on the new demographic breakdown, he said.
A count conducted in 1997 excluded the three northern provinces that make up the autonomous Kurdistan region.
The upcoming census has reignited tensions between Baghdad and Kurdistan over disputed territories in the north.
The census includes religion but does not differentiate between sects, such as Sunni and Shiite Muslims, and, unlike previous counts, it excludes ethnicity.
“There are some crucial details in this census that might be missing to appease all sides to finally allow it to take place,” Hadad added.
Iraq has been keen to conduct the census for budgetary reasons.
Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani said the census was important for “development and planning steps in all sectors that contribute to the advancement and progress of Iraq”, where electricity is scarce and infrastructure largely in disrepair.
– Two-day curfew –
During the census a two-day curfew will operate, with families having to stay at home so 120,000 researchers can collect data directly from households.
A questionnaire seen by AFP records the number of people per household, health status, education level, employment status, number of cars and even an inventory of household appliances, so standards of living can be assessed.
Iraq has spent much of the past few decades devastated by conflict and sanctions, including a sectarian struggle after the US-led invasion 2003 toppled Saddam and the emergence of the Islamic State group in 2014.
Demographics are likely to have shifted with the exile of hundreds of thousands of Christians, and also of tens of thousands of Yazidi families who were displaced from Sinjar by atrocities committed by IS extremists.
Iraq has regained some semblance of stability in recent years, despite sporadic violence and political turmoil.
To organise the count, authorities partnered with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), in an effort to generate “accurate demographic information, facilitating effective policymaking and promoting inclusive growth”.
After years of uncertainty, the census will reveal “the reality of Iraq in its smallest details”, said planning ministry spokesman Abdel-Zahra al-Hindawi.
“We will be able to diagnose all the problems that paralyse development in the areas of health, education, housing,” he added.
– Demographic shift –
Previous censuses were cancelled mainly because of tensions over disputed territories between the Kurdish, Arab, and Turkoman communities in the northern governorates of Kirkuk and Nineveh.
There is still “a lot of sensitivity over disputed territories”, said the ECFR’s Hadad.
“It’s not just the Arabisation policy under Saddam Hussein. But the reversal of it and Kurdification of disputed territories post-2003. So it’s not one-sided.”
Fahmi Burhane, a Kurdistan region official focused on the disputed territories, voiced long-standing fears among Kurds about a demographic shift in Kirkuk and other areas claimed by both Baghdad and Arbil.
“If we look at past censuses, the number of Kurds has gradually decreased in the Kurdish regions outside autonomous Kurdistan,” he said, referring to the movement of Arabs into areas such as Kirkuk under Saddam.
“Arab neighbourhoods have been built in recent years, which absolutely do not correspond to normal population growth,” he said.
In the census, Baghdad has agreed to register only the descendants of families who were present in the disputed territories during the 1957 count, in order to prevent subsequent waves of migration from disrupting the demographic balance. Newcomers will be counted in their province of origin.
Burhane said the Iraqi government has been able to “alleviate certain concerns” over the poll.
The Ekiti State Government has reached an agreement with labour leaders in the state, signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the payment of the N70,000 minimum wage approved by the Federal Government.
Addressing journalists at a brief ceremony in Ado-Ekiti on Tuesday, the Head of Service (HoS), Dr. Folakemi Olomojobi, announced that the payment would commence immediately.
She lauded Governor Biodun Oyebanji for prioritizing the welfare of workers despite the state’s limited resources.
“This development demonstrates the governor’s commitment to improving the livelihood of our workers,” Dr. Olomojobi stated, highlighting the proactive measures taken by the administration to ensure prompt implementation.
In their remarks, the Trade Union Congress (TUC) Chairman, Comrade Sola Adigun, and the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) Chairman, Comrade Olatunde Kolapo, expressed their appreciation to Governor Oyebanji for fulfilling his promises to workers.
They confirmed that the new minimum wage would apply to all cadres, including employees in ministries, parastatals, agencies, and pensioners.
The Chairman of the Joint Negotiating Committee (JNC), Comrade Femi Ajoloko, described the implementation as a fair and commendable adjustment.
“This decision reflects the governor’s magnanimity and his dedication to fostering a productive workforce in Ekiti State,” he said.
The Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) has initiated the seventh phase of its Constituency and Executive Projects Tracking Exercise, aimed at assessing the implementation of 1,500 projects valued at ₦610 billion.
This was disclosed by the commission’s spokesperson, Demola Bakare, in a statement issued on Tuesday in Abuja.
The tracking initiative, which commenced in 2019, evaluates the utilization of funds allocated to critical sectors such as education, health, agriculture, water resources, and power. According to Bakare, the exercise aims to enhance transparency, improve value for money, and ensure adherence to due process in project execution.
“The phase 7 tracking exercise will cut across agencies of government, including intervention agencies such as the North-East Development Commission (NEDC), Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC), National Agricultural Land Development Authority (NALDA), Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC), Rural Electrification Agency (REA), National Primary Health Care Development Authority (NPHCDA), Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND), and Ecological Fund Office,” the statement noted.
The exercise, which began on November 18, spans across the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and 21 states from the six geopolitical zones. These include Kwara, Niger, Kogi, Kebbi, Kano, Kaduna, Jigawa, Bauchi, Gombe, Borno, Lagos, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, Cross River, Delta, Imo, Abia, and Enugu.
Bakare emphasized that the project tracking initiative not only seeks to enforce compliance with contract specifications but also instills a culture of accountability and due diligence in public procurement processes.
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The Chairman, House Committee on Federal Roads Maintenance Agency (FERMA), Engr. Aderemi Oseni has joined millions of Nigerians in celebrating the 75th anniversary of the Nigerian Tribune newspaper.
In a statement released on Monday by his media aide, Idowu Ayodele, the lawmaker described the Nigerian Tribune as a beacon of hope, integrity, and truth in the Nigerian media landscape. He commended the publication for its unwavering commitment to championing democracy, social justice, and the empowerment of the common man.
“For 75 years, the Nigerian Tribune has consistently set a high standard in journalism, serving as a reliable source of information and a defender of the people’s rights,” he said.
“Its contribution to nation-building and the preservation of our democratic ideals cannot be overstated.”
Oseni, who represents Ibarapa East/Ido Federal Constituency of Oyo State, further lauded the foresight of the late Chief Obafemi Awolowo, the founder of the Nigerian Tribune in 1949, for establishing a media platform dedicated to advancing the interests of Nigerians.
He also recognized the leadership of the current management for upholding the legacy and values of its illustrious founder, ensuring the newspaper remains a trusted voice in the media space.
Emphasizing the critical role of the press in fostering national unity and development, the lawmaker extended his warmest congratulations to the board, management, and staff of the Nigerian Tribune.
He wished them many more years of impactful journalism and service to the nation.
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