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Iraq Undertakes Historic Census After 40-Year Gap

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Iraqis walk through Baghdad’s Tahrir Square on November 19, 2024. For the first time in nearly 40 years Iraq this week will conduct a nationwide census, undertaking a tally long delayed by repeated outbreaks of war and unrest. (Photo by AHMAD AL-RUBAYE / AFP)

Iraq is holding its first nationwide census in nearly four decades this week, a long-awaited count in a nation that has been blighted by sectarian and ethnic divisions.

The census is scheduled for Wednesday and Thursday, and will provide sorely needed up-to-date demographic data for the country which has an estimated population of around 44 million.

It will be the first census to cover all 18 governorates since 1987, when dictator Saddam Hussein was in power, following repeated delays caused by years of war and political tensions between factions.

“More generally across the country, parliamentary representation will change,” said Hamzeh Hadad, a visiting fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR).

With one member of parliament allocated by the constitution per 100,000 Iraqis, “having an official census will mean the numbers will have to be adjusted” based on the new demographic breakdown, he said.

A count conducted in 1997 excluded the three northern provinces that make up the autonomous Kurdistan region.

The upcoming census has reignited tensions between Baghdad and Kurdistan over disputed territories in the north.

The census includes religion but does not differentiate between sects, such as Sunni and Shiite Muslims, and, unlike previous counts, it excludes ethnicity.

“There are some crucial details in this census that might be missing to appease all sides to finally allow it to take place,” Hadad added.

Iraq has been keen to conduct the census for budgetary reasons.

Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani said the census was important for “development and planning steps in all sectors that contribute to the advancement and progress of Iraq”, where electricity is scarce and infrastructure largely in disrepair.

– Two-day curfew –

During the census a two-day curfew will operate, with families having to stay at home so 120,000 researchers can collect data directly from households.

A questionnaire seen by AFP records the number of people per household, health status, education level, employment status, number of cars and even an inventory of household appliances, so standards of living can be assessed.

Iraq has spent much of the past few decades devastated by conflict and sanctions, including a sectarian struggle after the US-led invasion 2003 toppled Saddam and the emergence of the Islamic State group in 2014.

Demographics are likely to have shifted with the exile of hundreds of thousands of Christians, and also of tens of thousands of Yazidi families who were displaced from Sinjar by atrocities committed by IS extremists.

Iraq has regained some semblance of stability in recent years, despite sporadic violence and political turmoil.

To organise the count, authorities partnered with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), in an effort to generate “accurate demographic information, facilitating effective policymaking and promoting inclusive growth”.

After years of uncertainty, the census will reveal “the reality of Iraq in its smallest details”, said planning ministry spokesman Abdel-Zahra al-Hindawi.

“We will be able to diagnose all the problems that paralyse development in the areas of health, education, housing,” he added.

– Demographic shift –

Previous censuses were cancelled mainly because of tensions over disputed territories between the Kurdish, Arab, and Turkoman communities in the northern governorates of Kirkuk and Nineveh.

There is still “a lot of sensitivity over disputed territories”, said the ECFR’s Hadad.

“It’s not just the Arabisation policy under Saddam Hussein. But the reversal of it and Kurdification of disputed territories post-2003. So it’s not one-sided.”

Fahmi Burhane, a Kurdistan region official focused on the disputed territories, voiced long-standing fears among Kurds about a demographic shift in Kirkuk and other areas claimed by both Baghdad and Arbil.

“If we look at past censuses, the number of Kurds has gradually decreased in the Kurdish regions outside autonomous Kurdistan,” he said, referring to the movement of Arabs into areas such as Kirkuk under Saddam.

“Arab neighbourhoods have been built in recent years, which absolutely do not correspond to normal population growth,” he said.

In the census, Baghdad has agreed to register only the descendants of families who were present in the disputed territories during the 1957 count, in order to prevent subsequent waves of migration from disrupting the demographic balance. Newcomers will be counted in their province of origin.

Burhane said the Iraqi government has been able to “alleviate certain concerns” over the poll.

 

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Swegop to Politicians: Stop Mudslinging, Fix Roads

The South West Guild of Online Publishers (SWEGOP) has urged politicians to stop mudslinging and focus on issues affecting Nigerians, while calling on the Federal Government and state governments to declare a state of emergency on roads ravaged by rainfall.

The guild said political campaigns should be centred on policies, development plans and practical solutions to the people’s problems, rather than false information, unsubstantiated allegations and personal attacks.

The position was contained in a statement signed by the guild’s Acting Chairman, Chief Tunde Busari, and Publicity Secretary, Mr Remi Oladoye.

SWEGOP warned that spreading misinformation during political campaigns could erode public confidence in the democratic process, urging politicians to tell the electorate what they intend to do and how they plan to deliver on their promises.

It called on political actors to embrace responsible communication and constructive engagement, stressing that campaigns should provide voters with clear choices on policies and programmes capable of improving their lives.

In a related development, the guild called on the Federal Government and state governments to urgently address the worsening condition of roads following damage caused by rainfall in several areas.

It expressed concern that some roads had been washed away or rendered impassable, making movement difficult for motorists and other road users.

The guild urged the relevant authorities to prioritise the rehabilitation of damaged roads, improve drainage systems and implement lasting solutions to prevent recurring damage, particularly during the rainy season.

It warned that the deteriorating road network posed risks to road users and could disrupt the movement of people and goods, with consequences for commercial activities and the wider economy.

SWEGOP stressed that emergency repairs must be backed by proper drainage, effective maintenance and coordinated action by the different levels of government to prevent the problem from recurring.

The guild maintained that responsible political campaigns and urgent action on failing infrastructure were both necessary to address public concerns and improve the lives of Nigerians.

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2027: Alli, Oseni Tour Ibarapa, Seek Support for APC Candidacies

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Governorship, Oyo South senatorial candidates meet traditional rulers, religious leaders and community groups

The All Progressives Congress (APC) governorship candidate in Oyo State, Senator Sharafadeen Alli, and the party’s Oyo South senatorial candidate, Hon. Remi Oseni, have toured Ibarapa North, Central and East Local Government Areas to seek stakeholders’ support for their 2027 candidacies and other APC candidates across the ballot.

The two-day tour, which took place on Monday and Tuesday, covered Igangan, Tapa, Ayete, Idere, Igbo-Ora and Eruwa, where the candidates met traditional rulers, religious leaders, community groups and other stakeholders to discuss the area’s development challenges and solicit their backing ahead of the 2027 general elections.

During the engagements, Alli outlined his priorities for Oyo State, promising to prioritise the reconstruction of the Ibadan-Ibarapa road, extending to Igangan, improve the education sector, revive public water supply and strengthen local government administration if elected governor.

The delegation visited the palaces of the Asigangan of Iganganland, Oba Rafiu Adeniyi; the Asawo of Ayete, Oba Emanuel Ewuola Okeniyi; the Elempe of Tapa, Oba Sunday Oyekanmi Titiloye (Abioje I); the Olu of Igbo-Ora, Oba Jimoh Olajide Titiloye (Asoroolu Ayinla V); and the Eleruwa of Eruwa, Oba Samuel Adebayo Adegbola (Ajobo Olurin I). The team was also hosted by Dr. Olusola Ayandele Eruobodo at his residence on Monday evening.

Speaking during the meetings, Alli identified effective local government administration as critical to grassroots development, noting that local councils must be empowered to deliver meaningful improvements to their communities. He pledged to work towards a functional local government system that would make development more visible at the grassroots.

On education, the APC governorship candidate expressed concern about the standard of learning in the state and proposed limiting class sizes to a maximum of 30 pupils to improve teaching and learning outcomes.

He also promised to ensure that Oyo State’s financial resources, including federal allocations, translate into tangible improvements in infrastructure and public services. As part of his plans to improve residents’ welfare, he pledged to work towards reviving the state water corporation to ensure a more reliable supply of clean water across the state.

On infrastructure, Alli reiterated his commitment to reconstructing the Ibadan-Ibarapa road, extending to Igangan. He also promised to create greater opportunities for indigenous construction firms in the award of public contracts, while engaging external contractors for projects beyond the capacity of local companies.

The APC candidate also criticised the reported N5.5 billion expenditure on a stadium, questioning whether the facility met international standards and adequately served the needs of the state’s football clubs, particularly Shooting Stars Sports Club (3SC).

He cited difficulties faced by the club in arranging matches, including playing several away fixtures within a week and receiving a hostile reception at its temporary home ground in Ogun State. He attributed these challenges to the stadium facility’s reported failure to meet the required standards.

Also addressing the gatherings, Oseni, who is seeking election to the Senate to represent Oyo South Senatorial District, highlighted his contributions to the development of communities across Ibarapa and appealed to residents and community leaders to support his senatorial ambition.

He urged stakeholders to support APC candidates across the ballot, arguing that stronger cooperation between the state and the Federal Government could improve Oyo State’s access to federal opportunities, resources and development initiatives.

At a meeting with the League of Imams in Igbo-Ora, Alli acknowledged that disunity within the Muslim community might have affected communication with political leaders. He assured the religious leaders that his administration would not marginalise any religious group and appealed for their support for his aspiration and those of other APC candidates.

The tour was attended by APC leaders and campaign officials, including the Director-General of the Sharafadeen Alli Campaign, Hon. Yemi Aderibigbe; the Director-General of the Remi Oseni Campaign Council, Chief Lowo Obisesan; and the APC Deputy National Auditor, Hon. Gbenga Ariba, alongside other party leaders from across Oyo State.

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Watchdog Alleges Pressure on Oyo LG Chairmen, Warns Against Releasing N2.57bn for election

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Group questions budgetary provision, cites pending court cases

The Watchdogs for Good Governance has warned the 33 local government chairmen in Oyo State against releasing council funds for the planned December 29 local government election, questioning the legality and financial implications of a proposed N4.28bn funding arrangement.

The group alleged that the councils were being pressured to contribute N2.57bn towards the exercise despite claims that no provision was made for the expenditure in their 2026 budgets.

Under the proposed arrangement announced by the state government, the local governments are expected to bear 60 per cent of the election cost, amounting to N2,566,800,000, while the state government will contribute the remaining 40 per cent, or N1,711,200,000.

The controversy followed an announcement by the Commissioner for Information, Prince Dotun Oyelade, that the State Executive Council had approved funding for the Oyo State Independent Electoral Commission to conduct the election scheduled for December 29.

But the Watchdogs for Good Governance, in a statement issued on Tuesday and signed by its convener, Comrade Ahmed Adeyemo, questioned why the councils should commit billions of naira to the election when, according to the group, the expenditure was not captured in their approved budgets.

Adeyemo argued that the proposed spending could further limit the resources available to local governments to address pressing needs in their communities, including bad roads, inadequate infrastructure and poor access to primary healthcare.

“Where is the budgetary provision for OYSIEC? Why resort to milking the councils dry when grassroots communities are grappling with bad roads, lack of basic infrastructure and poor access to quality primary healthcare?” he asked.

The group also raised concerns over pending court cases challenging the conduct of the election, warning that the councils could face financial consequences if the exercise were subsequently nullified.

According to Adeyemo, at least three suits had been filed by members of the Allied Peoples Movement over the election, including grievances relating to the selection of chairmanship and councillorship candidates across the 33 local government areas.

He maintained that proceeding with the election while the cases remained pending raised questions about the prudence of committing such a substantial amount of public money to the exercise.

“Spending billions on an election that is sub judice and may be voided by the courts is the height of administrative irresponsibility and financial recklessness,” Adeyemo said.

The group further alleged that council chairmen were under intense pressure from the state government to release their respective contributions, although it did not provide documentary evidence to substantiate the claim.

It consequently urged the chairmen not to authorise any transfer of council funds for the election without addressing the budgetary and legal concerns it had raised.

Adeyemo warned that any chairman found to have improperly diverted public funds for the exercise should be held accountable, insisting that local government resources should be used to meet the needs of residents.

“The funds belong to the people of Oyo State for development, not for funding an election whose legality is being contested,” he said.

The group called on the relevant authorities to clarify the financial arrangements for the election and address the concerns surrounding the pending litigation.

Efforts to obtain reactions from the affected council chairmen as of press time were unsuccessful.

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