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36 million children in Ethiopia are poor, lack access to basic social services – New report reveals
An estimated 36 million of a total population of 41 million children under the age of 18 in Ethiopia are multi-dimensionally poor, meaning they are deprived of basic goods and services in at least three dimensions, says a new report released on Friday by the Central Statistical Agency and UNICEF.
Titled “Multi-dimensional Child Deprivation in Ethiopia – First National Estimates,” the report studied child poverty in nine dimensions – development/stunting, nutrition, health, water, sanitation, and housing. Other dimensions included education, health related knowledge, and information and participation.
”We need to frequently measure the rates of child poverty as part of the general poverty measures and use different approaches for measuring poverty. This requires all stakeholders from government, international development partners and academic institutions to work together to measure, design policies and programmes to reduce child poverty in Ethiopia,’’ said Mr Biratu Yigezu, Director General of Central Statistical Agency.
The report adapted the global Multi-Dimensional Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA) methodology and used information available from national data sets such as the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys of 2011 and 2016. MODA has been widely used by 32 countries in Africa to analyze child well-being. The methodology defines multi-dimensional child poverty as non-fulfilment of basic rights contained in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and concludes that a child is poor if he or she is deprived in three to six age-specific dimensions. The report’s findings have been validated through an extensive consultative process involving the Ministry of Women, Children and Youth, National Planning Commission, the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs together with the Economic Policy Research Institute, among others.
“Children in Ethiopia are more likely to experience poverty than adults, with distressing and lifelong effects which cannot easily be reversed,” said Gillian Mellsop, UNICEF Representative in Ethiopia. “Ethiopia’s future economic prosperity and social development, and its aspirations for middle income status, depend heavily on continued investments in children’s physical, cognitive and social development.”
The study finds that 88 per cent of children in Ethiopia under the age of 18 (36 million) lack access to basic services in at least three basic dimensions of the nine studied, with lack of access to housing and sanitation being the most acute. The study reveals that there are large geographical inequalities: 94 per cent children in rural areas are multi-dimensionally deprived compared to 42 per cent of children in urban areas. Across Ethiopia’s regions, rates of child poverty range from 18 per cent in Addis Ababa to 91 per cent in Afar, Amhara, and SNNPR. Poverty rates are equally high in Oromia and Somali (90 per cent each) and Benishangul-Gumuz (89 per cent).
Additional key findings from the report indicate:
- High disparities across areas and regions of residence in terms of average number deprivations in basic rights or services. For example, the differences in deprivation intensity (average number of deprivations in basic rights and services that each child is experiencing) between rural and urban areas are significant; multi-dimensionally deprived children residing in rural areas experienced 4.5 deprivations in accessing basic rights and needs on average compared to 3.2 among their peers in urban areas;
- Given their large population sizes, Oromia, Amhara, and SNNPR regions are the largest contributors to multi-dimensional child deprivation in Ethiopia. These three regions jointly account for 34 of the 36 million deprived children in Ethiopia, with Oromia having the highest number at 16.7 million, SNNPR at 8.8 million, and Amhara at 8.5 million. Regions with the lowest number of poor children are Harar at 90,000, Dire Dawa at 156,000, and Gambella at 170,000.
- Although there has been progress in reducing child deprivation, much more remains to be done. The percentage of children deprived in three to six dimensions decreased from 90 per cent to 88 per cent between 2011 and 2016 and the average number of deprivations that each child is experiencing decreased from 4.7 to 4.5 dimensions during the same period.
- Most children in Ethiopia face multiple and overlapping deprivations. Ninety-five per cent of children in Ethiopia are deprived of two to six basic needs and services, while only one per cent have access to all services. Deprivation overlaps between dimensions are very high in rural areas and among children in the poorest wealth quintiles.
The report makes the following recommendations:
- Speed up investments to reduce child poverty by four per cent each year for the next decade if Ethiopia is to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal on poverty reduction;
- Accelerate investments in social sectors prioritizing child-sensitive budgeting at the national and regional levels to enhance equality and equity; and
- Improve collaboration among different social sectors to ensure that the multiple needs of children are met.
The Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE) has conferred its prestigious fellowship on Engr. Aderemi Oseni and 177 other members, urging them to promote Nigerian content and uphold the highest standards of the profession.
The conferment ceremony, held on Thursday in Abuja, brought together engineers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to celebrate excellence in the field.
Oseni, who represents Ibarapa East/Ido Federal Constituency in Oyo State and serves as the Chairman of the House Committee on Federal Roads Maintenance Agency (FERMA), has been a Member of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (MNSE) for over a decade. He is also a registered engineer with the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) and a member of several international professional bodies, including the London Institute of Engineers and Technicians and the Nigeria Association of Technological Engineers.
Speaking shortly after receiving the fellowship, the lawmaker dedicated the award to God and the entire engineering community, expressing his commitment to upholding the principles of the profession.
“It is another great day. I feel very excited, and it was an opportunity for me to reconnect with some of my old colleagues, people I had lost contact with for quite a while,” he said. “Having been conferred as a fellow, it is an opportunity for us to continue to do the good work that we have been doing as professionals.”
At a dinner organised in honour of the new fellows, NSE President Margaret Oguntala lauded the awardees for their dedication to innovation and nation-building. She noted that Nigerian engineers had been instrumental in advancing critical sectors, including infrastructure, energy, healthcare, and information technology. She emphasised that the recognition was not just an honour but a responsibility to uphold the integrity and standards of the profession.
Oguntala further charged the new fellows to be ambassadors of engineering excellence and to conduct themselves with dignity befitting their status. “It behoves you to carry the banner of our society high anywhere you go,” she said. “We also expect you to carry yourselves always with the dignity and comportment that this fellowship bestows on you.”
She stressed the need for engineers to play a greater role in national development, advocating for collaborations across sectors to address pressing challenges such as infrastructure deficits, poverty alleviation, and job creation. “The collective strength of engineers alongside other professionals will undoubtedly unlock the potential that will bring about the much-needed development in our country,” she said. She urged them to be torchbearers of progress, quality, and sustainability in their respective fields.
The Chairman of the NSE Board of Fellows, Maliki Kamila, highlighted the rigorous selection process for the fellowship, describing it as the highest honour any practising engineer in Nigeria can attain. “These eminent professionals are commended for having scaled through the procedures for screening and assessment, as the process has remained very thorough but fair,” he said. Despite NSE’s membership strength of about 82,000, he noted that only a select percentage had been elevated to the fellowship grade.
Jigawa State Governor, Umar Namadi, who was the Special Guest of Honour at the event, commended the NSE for its contributions to national development. Represented by Malam Bala Ibrahim, Secretary to the State Government, he urged engineers to remain committed to nation-building and to uphold the ethics of the profession in all their endeavours.
Operatives of the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) have intercepted undeclared foreign currency amounting to $1,154,900 and SR135,900 at the Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport (MAKIA) in Kano State.
The NCS Public Relations Officer, Abdullahi Maiwada, confirmed the seizure in a statement on Thursday, noting that the money was confiscated during a routine baggage check.
According to Maiwada, the foreign currency was found in the luggage of an inbound passenger, Hauwa Ibrahim Abdullahi, who had arrived on Saudi Airline Flight No. SV401 from Saudi Arabia.
“During the physical examination of the passenger’s luggage conducted by NCS officers, the undeclared currency was discovered concealed within palm-date fruit packs, locally referred to as Dabino,” he stated.
Seizure in Line with Financial Regulations
The NCS reiterated that the interception aligns with its mandate to enforce financial regulations and prevent illicit financial flows across Nigeria’s borders.
“In line with established procedures, the suspect and the seized foreign currency have been handed over to the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) for further investigation and necessary legal action,” the statement read.
Following the investigation, a court convicted the suspect and ordered the forfeiture of the undeclared money to the Federal Government, in accordance with the provisions of the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act of 2022.
Customs Warns Against Non-Compliance
Maiwada emphasised that all travellers must adhere to Nigeria’s financial regulations, particularly regarding the declaration of cash or negotiable instruments exceeding the approved threshold when entering or leaving the country.
“The Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act of 2022 and the Foreign Exchange (Monitoring and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1995, provide clear guidelines on currency declaration. Non-compliance constitutes a violation of Nigerian law and attracts severe penalties,” he warned.
The Service further urged the public to comply strictly with these regulations to avoid legal repercussions.
Commitment to Economic Protection
Under the leadership of the Comptroller-General of Customs, Bashir Adewale Adeniyi, the NCS remains resolute in its efforts to combat smuggling, illicit financial transactions, and other trans-border crimes.
“This latest seizure highlights the Service’s unwavering dedication to protecting the nation’s economic interests and ensuring compliance with financial regulations,” Maiwada stated.
He reaffirmed the NCS’s commitment to working with relevant government agencies and stakeholders to enhance border security, strengthen financial compliance, and safeguard Nigeria’s economy.
“Travellers and stakeholders in the financial sector are advised to remain vigilant and always adhere to lawful financial practices,” he added.
The Chairman, House Committee on Federal Roads Maintenance Agency (FERMA) and member representing Ibarapa East/Ido Federal Constituency, Oyo State, Engr. Aderemi Oseni has expressed solidarity with traders who suffered losses in the recent fire outbreak at Aleshinloye Market, Ibadan.
The inferno, which occurred in the early hours of Wednesday, engulfed parts of the bustling commercial hub, destroying goods worth millions of naira. The cause of the fire is yet to be ascertained, but the extent of destruction has drawn widespread sympathy from political leaders, business stakeholders, and the general public.
In a statement issued by his media aide, Idowu Ayodele, in Ibadan, the lawmaker described the incident as a tragic setback for hardworking traders who rely on the market for their livelihood. He urged government agencies at all levels to swiftly intervene and support the victims in rebuilding their businesses.
“I stand in solidarity with the traders and entrepreneurs of Aleshinloye Market in this difficult time. This disaster is a painful reminder of the urgent need for enhanced fire safety measures in our marketplaces. I urge both the Oyo State Government and federal agencies to provide immediate relief and long-term solutions to support those affected,” he said.
Oseni also emphasised the importance of proactive disaster management strategies, calling for the implementation of modern fire prevention infrastructure in major markets across the state. He further encouraged well-meaning individuals, corporate organisations, and relevant authorities to extend support to the affected traders.
The lawmaker reiterated his commitment to advocating for policies that protect small business owners from unforeseen disasters, stressing the need for a collaborative approach to safeguarding the economic interests of traders and artisans.
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